Nonanedioic acid Azelaic acid

Name	Nonanedioic acid
Synonyms	Azelaic acid
Name in Chemical Abstracts	Nonanedioic acid
CAS No	123-99-9
EINECS No	204-669-1
Molecular formula	C9H16O4
Molecular mass	188.23
SMILES code	O=C(O)CCCCCCCC(=O)O

KMnO4 / KOH

; Side reactions

1H NMR

1H-NMR: Nonanedioic acid
250 MHz, DMSO-d6
delta [ppm]	mult.	atoms	assignment
1.25	m	6 H	4-H, 5-H, 6-H
1.47	m	4 H	3-H, 7-H
2.18	t (3J = 7.3 Hz)	4 H	2-H, 8-H
ca. 12	broad s	2 H	COOH
2.49			DMSO

 

13C-NMR

13C-NMR: Nonanedioic acid
62.5 MHz, DMSO-d6
delta [ppm]	assignment
23.9	C3, C7
27.6	C5
27.8	C4, C6
33.1	C2, C8
173.4	COOH
39.5	DMSO-d6

Azelaic acid(123-99-9)¹³CNMR

IR

IR: Nonanedioic acid
[KBr, T%, cm-1]
[cm-1]	assignment
3300-2500	O-H valence, superimposed on C-H valence
2962, 2887	aliph. C-H valence
1724	C=O valence, carboxylic acid

Oxidation of ricinoleic acid (from castor oil) with KMnO4 to azelaic acid

Reaction type:	oxidation
Substance classes:	alkene, carboxylic acid, renewable resources
Techniques:	heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, stirring with KPG stirrer, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, shaking out, extracting, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath
Degree of difficulty:	Medium

 

Operating scheme

 

Equipment

Batch scale:

0.04 mol

Ricinolic acid

	round bottom flask 250 mL			three-necked flask 1000 mL
	reflux condenser			internal thermometer
	addition funnel with pressure balance			heatable magnetic stirrer with magnetic stir bar
	KPG stirrer			beaker 400 mL
	beaker 250 mL			Erlenmeyer flask 250 mL
	separating funnel			rotary evaporator
	suction filter			suction flask
	exsiccator with drying agent			oil bath

Chromatogram

TLC: crude product
TLC layer	Merck silica gel 60 F254, 5 x 10 cm
mobile phase	EtOH
staining reagent	0.1% solution of 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol sodium salt in 95% ethanol
Rf (educt)	0.70
Rf (product)	0.60

PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN FOOD

 

Peshawar is one the oldest cities of South Asia. It is an entrance point of Pakistan from the Afghanistan. It was an important city of Subcontinent and a meeting and marketing place for the public of Middle East, India and central Asia. Afghan warriors used this way to enter into subcontinent.

.

NALLI GOSHT

Pakistani cooks prepare food for refugees in the Jalozai camp in Peshawar,

Food being prepared at Qissa Khuwani Bazaar in Peshawar on the eve of Eid Milad-

The Big Pot Tea Man of Peshawar

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