Unconventional Method for Synthesis of 3-Carboxyethyl-4-formyl(hydroxy)-5-aryl-N-arylpyrazoles
Michael J. V. da Silva†, Julia Poletto†, Andrey P. Jacomini†, Karlos E. Pianoski†, Davana S. Gonçalves†, Gessica M. Ribeiro†, Samara M. de S. Melo†, Davi F. Back‡, Sidnei Moura§, and Fernanda A. Rosa*† 
† Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
‡ Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97110-970 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
§ Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), 295070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
J. Org. Chem., 2017, 82 (23), pp 12590–12602
DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02361
Publication Date (Web): November 2, 2017
*E-mail: farosa@uem.br
Abstract
An alternative highly regioselective synthetic method for the preparation of 3,5-disubstituted 4-formyl-N-arylpyrazoles in a one-pot procedure is reported. The methodology developed was based on the regiochemical control of the cyclocondensation reaction of β-enamino diketones with arylhydrazines.
Structural modifications in the β-enamino diketone system allied to the Lewis acid carbonyl activator BF3 were strategically employed for this control. Also a one-pot method for the preparation of 3,5-disubstituted 4-hydroxymethyl-N-arylpyrazole derivatives from the β-enamino diketone and arylhydrazine substrates is described.
4-Formyl-N-arylpyrazole substrates occupy a prominent position in the field of organic synthesis since they are key intermediates in obtaining a wide range of biologically active compounds. Because of the synthetic versatility of the 4-formyl-N-arylpyrazole skeleton, their synthesis has been extensively explored. In an extension of their previously published research,
Rosa and co-workers at Universidade Estadual de Maringá described a one-pot synthetic method that regioselectively produced 3,5-disubstituted-4-formyl-N-arylpyrazoles . The β-enamino diketone starting materials were readily synthesized via published procedures. High regioselectivity was secured via the use of BF3·OEt2 as the carbonyl activator and a bulky amine as the enamine component. Acetonitrile proved to be the most suitable solvent for the reaction.
After an aqueous workup, the desired pyrazoles were obtained in excellent yields. A variety of functional groups were tolerated on the two aryl substituents. This operationally simple procedure afforded the 4-formyl-N-arylpyrazoles in high yields, regioselectively. Furthermore, the formyl group could be reduced in situ with sodium borohydride to generate the corresponding 4-hydroxymethyl-N-arylpyrazoles.
3-(Ethoxycarbonyl)-4-formyl-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole (3a)
Light yellow solid; yield: 0.150 g (82%); mp 147.0–149.2 °C;
1H NMR (300.06 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm) 1.47 (t, 3H, J = 7.1 Hz, O–CH2–CH3), 4.54 (q, 2H, J = 7.1 Hz, O–CH2-CH3), 7.19–7.25 (m, 2H, Ph), 7.32–7.43 (m, 3H, Ph), 7.48 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, 4-NO2C6H4), 8.19 (d, 2H, J = 8.9 Hz, 4-NO2C6H4), 10.57 (s, 1H, CHO);
13C NMR (75.46 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm) 14.4 (O–CH2–CH3), 62.3 (O-CH2–CH3), 122.0 (C4), 123.5 (4-NO2C6H4), 125.9 (Ph), 129.5 (Ph), 129.6 (Ph), 131.8 (4-NO2C6H4), 134.1 (4-NO2C6H4), 137.8 (Ph), 143.5 (C5), 145.0 (C3), 148.4 (4-NO2C6H4), 161.5 (COOEt), 186.6 (CHO);
HRMS (ESI+): calcd for C19H16N3O5+, [M+H]+: 366.1084, found 366.1101.
